Candi Kalasan The Java Buddhist Temple

Candi Kalasan The Buddhist Temple google doc

Candi Kalasan or Kalibening  is a temple which is categorized as a Buddhist temple located in the village of Kalasan, Sleman regency, Yogyakarta province, Indonesia.The temple has 52 stupas and were on the side of the highway between Yogyakarta and Solo, and about 2 km from the Prambanan temple.At first only Kalasan is found in the area of ​​the site, but once dug deeper then found more buildings ancillary buildings around the temple is. Besides Kalasan and buildings - other supporting buildings there are also three small temples outside the main temple building, shaped stupa.

Based on the inscription Kalasan bertarikh 778 were found not far from this temple mentioned the establishment of a sacred building to honor the Bodhisattva women, Tarabhawana and a monastery for the monks. rulers who govern the construction of the temple was named Maharaja Tejapurnapana Panangkaran (Panangkaran) of the family dynasty. Then the comparison of manuscripts in the inscription Kelurak this figure can be identified by Dharanindra or with the inscription Nalanda is the father of Samaragrawira . So that this temple may be evidence of the presence of the Sailendra dynasty, rulers of Srivijaya in Sumatra on Java.Building on the basic form of Tara Temple is the longitude sangakar each side measuring 45 meters with a building height of about 34 meters. Kalasan vertically divided into 3 parts, namely temple foot, temple body and temple roof.

Candi Kalasan The Buddhist Temple google doc

At the foot of the temple is a large stone which shaped square in the middle there is a makara ornate staircase on the side edges. There are ornaments ropes as ropes out of a pot carved on foot around this temple.

In the body of the temple seen jutting out the side of the center and on the outer surface of the body of this temple have niches that adorn the figure of the god who was holding a lotus flower with a standing position. Furthermore, if we look to the southeast will see a chamber in which there is a throne decorated with a lion motif sedanga elephant standing in a backpack. From the east side of the viewer you can enter the booth.

Candi Kalasan The Buddhist Temple google doc

Kalasan part of the roof has a square shape of eight consisting of two levels. On the first level there is a Buddha statue that depicts humans. While on the second level there is a statue depicting Buddha Yani. Meanwhile at the top of this temple darii symbolizing Semeru summit the square is decorated by some of the stupa. There are also flowers heaven creatures that dwarf named Gana on the border with the roof of the temple body Kalasan.

If you can take a closer look with attention to detail of this temple, there are reliefs of interest on the surface of this temple. For example, a tree carved reliefs of gods and clouds Khayangan playing a musical instrument. The inhabitants of this brings fiddle, clams and camara. There are also reliefs of foliage, tendrils and flower buds. Kalasan has its own uniqueness because all existing reliefs coated ancient cement called Brajalepha made from the sap of certain trees at that time.

Candi Kalasan The Buddhist Temple google doc

There are 52 pieces of 4.6 m tall stupa that surrounds the body of the temple is that not all intact, because there are no parts may be reunited because it is damaged. One proof of the greatness of Panangkaran at the time it was written in Panagari lettered inscription of the temple, he is to be able to build the temple in the territory of Thailand.

Kalasan is enough to prove that era there is an effort for mutual respect between the followers of religions. Panangkaran which is a Hindu temple built on a proposal Tara Buddhist monks from the next to be offered again to Pancapana Buddhist. This temple inspires a Buddhist from India named Atisha ever visited Borobudur and spread Buddhism to Tibet

Candi Kalasan The Buddhist Temple google doc

The uniqueness Kalasan located on beautiful decoration and fine stone carvings. Additionally ornaments and reliefs on the exterior walls covered with old-fashioned type of cement called Valjralepa. Uses Valjralepa aims to protect the temple from moss and fungus. Valjralepa also soften carved reliefs and give effect to the temple of golden color.
Valjralepa layer is rarely found in the area Prambanan temples. Besides Kalasan temple is using Valjralepa ie Sari temple.

Candi Sari is a series with the construction of Kalasan. Kalasan as a place of worship while Sari temple serves as a dormitory for Buddhist monks.
Kalasan plan of building a square. The roof is octagonal and a top shaped dagoba (stupa). The situation has been severely damaged. Only the southern part of which is still intact. Touted, formerly its chamber has a 6 meter high bronze statue that is now missing. While the third cubicle was empty.
Body and roof of the temple is decorated with carvings very beautiful. Consisting of recesses, tendrils, statues of Buddha, dagobas-dagobas and statues Gana, the dwarf potbellied usually carry goods. Kalasan was once entirely covered by stucco, as well as other temples. While smoothing parts of the temple are added stone coverings made of limestone.

Candi Kalasan The Buddhist Temple google doc

Inside the temple are visible now, there was an older construction. Therefore, some experts say that banguna present it is an additional structures in around the 9th century. The original building obviously has an older age than that.
Plan Kalasan feet located in top of a square pedestal. The temple grounds also square. At the foot of the temple there makara. No decoration around the foot of the vase. Body temple squares with viewer-viewer that juts out in the middle of the side. Includes a decorated throne singha sekeor standing on the back of an elephant.

Candi Kalasan The Buddhist Temple google doc